Traditional vaults and domes, constructed both in Iran and across the world, have historically relied on non-tensional materials like brick and stone. Their stability has been achieved through specialized geometric and symmetrical designs. However, recent advancements in the study of vaults and compressional structures, aided by computer technology and innovative software programs, have opened the door to the creation of stable vaults that depart from traditional symmetry. These innovative structures are referred to as free-form structures.

The concept behind the hanging model is rooted in the theory of the “reversion of the catenary.” When a chain is suspended from two points, it naturally assumes the shape of a catenary curve. In this configuration, only tension forces are present within the chain. The inversion of the catenary curve provides an ideal form for stone masonry arches, wherein only compressive forces are at play.

The RhinoVAULT plug-in for Rhinoceros® has emerged from ongoing research into structural form finding utilizing the Thrust-Network-Approach. This approach enables the intuitive creation and exploration of compression-only structures. By employing conventional diagrams, RhinoVAULT offers a swift and intuitive method, harnessing the advantages of techniques such as Graphic Statics while also extending its applicability to three-dimensional problems.

Upon the official commencement of our collective endeavor, the initial step involved acquiring proficiency in the RhinoVAULT plugin. Instruction was provided by those members who possessed greater expertise in the software. Initially, participants were introduced to fundamental principles governing Thrust network analysis and general commands within the program. Subsequently, the process of designing a vault was undertaken through practical examples. Following this foundational training, the team was subdivided into smaller groups to gain further experience with RhinoVAULT by independently designing vault structures within each group.